Impact of ocean acidification on the structure of future phytoplankton communities
Author: ["Stephanie Dutkiewicz","J. Jeffrey Morris","Michael J. Follows","Jeffery Scott","Orly Levitan","Sonya T. Dyhrman","Ilana Berman-Frank"]
Publication: Nature Climate Change
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Abstract
The responses of phytoplankton growth rates to ocean acidification were investigated in a meta-analysis. A marine ecosystem model calibrated with the results indicates that these different responses will result in changes in community structure. Phytoplankton form the foundation of the marine food web and regulate key biogeochemical processes. These organisms face multiple environmental changes1, including the decline in ocean pH (ocean acidification) caused by rising atmospheric (ref. 2). A meta-analysis of published experimental data assessing growth rates of different phytoplankton taxa under both ambient and elevated conditions revealed a significant range of responses. This effect of ocean acidification was incorporated into a global marine ecosystem model to explore how marine phytoplankton communities might be impacted over the course of a hypothetical twenty-first century. Results emphasized that the differing responses to elevated caused sufficient changes in competitive fitness between phytoplankton types to significantly alter community structure. At the level of ecological function of the phytoplankton community, acidification had a greater impact than warming or reduced nutrient supply. The model suggested that longer timescales of competition- and transport-mediated adjustments are essential for predicting changes to phytoplankton community structure.
Cite this article
Dutkiewicz, S., Morris, J., Follows, M. et al. Impact of ocean acidification on the structure of future phytoplankton communities. Nature Clim Change 5, 1002–1006 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2722
