Author: ["Mrinmoy De","Subinoy Rana","Handan Akpinar","Oscar R. Miranda","Rochelle R. Arvizo","Uwe H. F. Bunz","Vincent M. Rotello"]
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Abstract
There is a direct correlation between protein levels and disease states in human serum, which makes it an attractive target for sensors and diagnostics. However, this is challenging because serum features more than 20,000 proteins, with an overall protein content greater than 1 mM. Here we report a sensor based on a hybrid synthetic–biomolecule that uses arrays of green fluorescent protein and nanoparticles to detect proteins at biorelevant concentrations in both buffer and human serum. Distinct and reproducible fluorescence-response patterns were obtained from five serum proteins (human serum albumin, immunoglobulin G, transferrin, fibrinogen and α-antitrypsin), both in buffer and when spiked into human serum. Using linear discriminant analysis we identified these proteins with an identification accuracy of 100% in buffer and 97% in human serum. The arrays were also able to discriminate between different concentrations of the same protein, as well as a mixture of different proteins in human serum. Protein imbalances in serum can be correlated with disease, but measurement and subsequent diagnosis is made difficult by the complex composition of serum. Now an array-based sensor, containing synthetic gold nanoparticles and biocompatible green fluorescent protein, has been developed that can detect proteins in undiluted human serum at physiologically relevant concentrations. Cite this article
De, M., Rana, S., Akpinar, H. et al. Sensing of proteins in human serum using conjugates of nanoparticles and green fluorescent protein. Nature Chem 1, 461–465 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.334 