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Abstract
At quantum critical points (QCPs) quantum fluctuations exist on all length scales, from microscopic to macroscopic, which, remarkably, can be observed at finite temperatures—the regime to which all experiments are necessarily confined. But how high in temperature can the effects of quantum criticality persist? That is, can physical observables be described in terms of universal scaling functions originating from the QCPs? We answer these questions by examining exact solutions of models of systems with strong electronic correlations and find that QCPs can influence physical properties at surprisingly high temperatures. As a powerful illustration of quantum criticality, we predict that the zero-temperature superfluid density, ρs(0), and the transition temperature, Tc, of the high-temperature copper oxide superconductors are related by Tc∝ρs(0)y, where the exponent y is different at the two edges of the superconducting dome, signifying the presence of the respective QCPs. This relationship can be tested in high-quality crystals.Cite this article
Kopp, A., Chakravarty, S. Criticality in correlated quantum matter. Nature Phys 1, 53–56 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys105 