Simplifying quantum logic using higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces
Author: ["Benjamin P. Lanyon","Marco Barbieri","Marcelo P. Almeida","Thomas Jennewein","Timothy C. Ralph","Kevin J. Resch","Geoff J. Pryde","Jeremy L. O’Brien","Alexei Gilchrist","Andrew G. White"]
Publication: Nature Physics
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Abstract
Quantum computation promises to solve fundamental, yet otherwise intractable, problems across a range of active fields of research. Recently, universal quantum logic-gate sets—the elemental building blocks for a quantum computer—have been demonstrated in several physical architectures. A serious obstacle to a full-scale implementation is the large number of these gates required to build even small quantum circuits. Here, we present and demonstrate a general technique that harnesses multi-level information carriers to significantly reduce this number, enabling the construction of key quantum circuits with existing technology. We present implementations of two key quantum circuits: the three-qubit Toffoli gate and the general two-qubit controlled-unitary gate. Although our experiment is carried out in a photonic architecture, the technique is independent of the particular physical encoding of quantum information, and has the potential for wider application. A general approach to simplifying quantum logic circuits—the ‘programs’ of quantum computers—is described and demonstrated on a platform based on photonic qubits.
Cite this article
Lanyon, B., Barbieri, M., Almeida, M. et al. Simplifying quantum logic using higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Nature Phys 5, 134–140 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1150
