Author: ["Mayura Meerang","Danilo Ritz","Shreya Paliwal","Zuzana Garajova","Matthias Bosshard","Niels Mailand","Pavel Janscak","Ulrich Hübscher","Hemmo Meyer","Kristijan Ramadan"]
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Abstract
The p97 AAA+ ATPase (also known as VCP) functions in various ubiquitin-regulated processes. Ramadan and colleagues now find that p97 is recruited to sites of DNA damage by Lys-48-linked ubiquitin chains, which are formed in a process mediated by RNF8. p97 then removes Lys-48–ubiquitin conjugates and promotes recruitment of DNA-repair factors. Unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) cause genetic instability that leads to malignant transformation or cell death1. Cells respond to DSBs with the ordered recruitment of signalling and repair proteins to the site of lesion2,3. Protein modification with ubiquitin is crucial for the signalling cascade, but how ubiquitylation coordinates the dynamic assembly of these complexes is poorly understood4,5,6,7. Here, we show that the human ubiquitin-selective protein segregase p97 (also known as VCP; valosin-containing protein) cooperates with the ubiquitin ligase RNF8 to orchestrate assembly of signalling complexes and efficient DSB repair after exposure to ionizing radiation. p97 is recruited to DNA lesions by its ubiquitin adaptor UFD1–NPL4 and Lys-48-linked ubiquitin (K48–Ub) chains, whose formation is regulated by RNF8. p97 subsequently removes K48–Ub conjugates from sites of DNA damage to orchestrate proper association of 53BP1, BRCA1 and RAD51, three factors critical for DNA repair and genome surveillance mechanisms3,7,8. Impairment of p97 activity decreases the level of DSB repair and cell survival after exposure to ionizing radiation. These findings identify the p97–UFD1–NPL4 complex as an essential factor in ubiquitin-governed DNA-damage response, highlighting its importance in guarding genome stability.Cite this article
Meerang, M., Ritz, D., Paliwal, S. et al. The ubiquitin-selective segregase VCP/p97 orchestrates the response to DNA double-strand breaks. Nat Cell Biol 13, 1376–1382 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb2367 